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Jul-28-2013 19:21printcomments

History 101: Fiction and Facts on Oromos of Ethiopia

(a guide for foreign journalists on Oromos and Ethiopian history)

Oromo, Ethiopia
Courtesy: ayyaantuu.com

(ADAMA, Ethiopia) - Recently, the Qatar-based media al Jazeera has published several articles concerning the Oromo people of Ethiopia. (http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2013/07/2013714133949329934.html) It is the first international media outlet to extensively report on our people and it should be praised for bringing our cause to the world stage.

One of the benefits of this exposure is it forces Ethiopian authorities to address human rights abuses in the country and to let them know that the world is watching. Oromos and other Ethiopians have been struggling for equal rights and democracy for decades. While it is important to report about Oromo people' background and historical perspectives, it is however vital that we report accurate information. Instead of benefiting us, reporting inaccurate or biased information can actually harm our struggle for democracy. Instead of creating national consensus and peace, it can instigate bitterness and anger.

One of the reasons al Jazeera reported inaccurate information about Oromo history is because it depended on one-sided sources, especially from members or supporters of Oromo groups outside of Ethiopia (diaspora OLF, OFDM etc). But nobody can blame al Jazeera media because most people inside Ethiopia would be too scared to speak or contribute. The only option al Jazeera or any foreign media has is to use diaspora/refugee/external sources outside Ethiopia. This is a dilemma all foreign media outlets face while reporting about third-world countries like Ethiopia.

For educational purposes, some corrections are provided below to fix inaccuracies reported on al Jazeera media regarding Oromo history and our struggle for democracy. The corrections below are supported by non-political scholars, but they might be rejected by biased politicians (both from ruling party and from opposition party) for the obvious reasons. However, they are based on historical textbooks, European authors and scholarly accounts.


Fiction #1:

"Between 1868 and 1900, half of all Oromo were killed, around 5 million people"


Fact #1: 
This is one of the most repeated inaccuracies, usually told by Secessionist Oromos, radical ethno-nationalist politicians outside the country or pro-OLF history revisionist websites like gadaa.com et al. However, the undisputed fact is that even the total Ethiopian population (the sum of dozens of ethnic groups) was much less than 5 million in the late 1800s, let alone one ethnic group being 10 million. So claiming that 5 million ethnic Oromos were killed by Emperor Menelik's forces does not add up. The truth is several thousand Oromos were in fact killed during battles of that era. It was not a "genocide" as some politicians claim but it was a massacre of the ill equipped southern forces defeated by the Shewan military of Emperor Menelik which had more European weapons. Throughout those decades, the truth is more Oromos were killed by other Oromos than by non-Oromos because competing Oromo Clans often traded for weapons to have an upper hand against their local competitors, who were often their fellow Oromo and Sidama neighbors.  And it was not the first lop sided victory of that era in Africa because various communities from all corners of Ethiopia had attacked one another during the "resource battles" and whichever group had more modern weapons had the upper hand. To summarize, Professor Mengistu Paulos of Jimma University said it best when describing right-wing Oromo liberation philosophy:-- 

"Most fictional accounts of 'Oromo history' blindly accepted as facts by some misled people are manufactured by former politicians turned Pseudo-historians  like OLF writer Asafa  Jalata, who is renowned for abuse of paraphrasing, often with out-of-context citations. For example, while quoting the 19th century Russian Alexander Bulatovich (who provided an 'educated guess' of annihilation of almost half Ethiopian population by disease, famine and war, including internal conflict between Oromo clans and with Abyssinians), the OLF-writer Asafa Jalata infamously claimed half Oromo population was killed by 'evil' Amharas.  This was purposely done by Mr. Jalata to create a foundation for ethnic hatred between Oromos and Amharas. Ironically, even Mr. Bulatovich himself never had the capacity nor the legitimacy to do a reliable census, as he spent just a couple of months walking around Oromia and hunting elephants in 1890s."


Fiction #2:

"…. largely Muslim Oromo people"


Fact #2:

This is a phrase seen in some media outlets but not most. Oromo people have never been a predominantly muslim people. In fact, both Christianity and Islam is not our ancestral religion because we have practiced an indigenous traditional religion for centuries before. Gradually, Islam and Christianity were both adopted (during Oromo migrations) by us and imposed (during conquest of our lands by Abyssinian/Christians & Somalis/Islam)  on us thru out history. Even today, both the two major religions have equal representation among Oromos. The latest official 2007 census showed that around 48% of Oromos practice Christianity (Both Orthodox & Protestant) while around 47% of Oromos practice Islam. Yet, word on the ground is that the Islam population might soon surpass Christianity among Oromos in the future because Orthodox Christianity is decreasing inside Oromia. 

Fiction #3

"Abyssinians labelled Oromos the derogatory word 'Galla'"

Fact #3:

For many decades, this false statement has been used by Oromo separatists to create emotional resentment among Oromos against Semitic Abyssinians (Amharas, Tigrayans and Gurages).  The fact is the derogatory word "Galla" was first used by Arab and muslim Somalis to describe Oromos as "gal" meaning "outsiders" and "Pagans." Muslims used this label during Oromo migration because Oromo people had their own religion which the Muslims believed was paganism. Nonetheless, this derogatory word was gradually adopted and used by other Ethiopians. 

Fiction #4:

"Oromos were colonized by Emperor Menelik"

Fact: #4

Another popular claim made by secessionist Oromo politicians (and usually repeated by foreign journalists) is the fiction that Oromo people (as a whole ethnic group) were colonized by another ethnic group. Usually, the slogan goes "Abyssinians colonized Oromos" etc. This claim is popular among the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) organization and consequently among some Diaspora Oromo nationalists living in America and Europe.  While a different version or a re-arrangement of the wording might still be true…in general, the Oromo nation as a whole was never colonized by another Ethiopian ethnic group. To start with, even a united one Oromo nation did not exist at those times. All non-political historical textbooks show the existence of battles between multi-ethnic BUT monolingual communities for many centuries through out Ethiopia. Even in northern Ethiopia (traditional "Abyssinia") Oromos have migrated and mixed so much with Tigrayans, Amharas, Afars etc for centuries that the "Abyssinia" state itself was never a one-ethnic state. In fact, even around the 1700s, Rayya Oromos and Yejju Wallo Oromos conquered and dominated a portion of Amharas and Tigrayans; and thus made Afan Oromo the official language of Abyssinia for that brief period. Meaning: clans and ethnic groups have mixed up in Ethiopia for over a millennium but the dominant ethnic group always imposed its language since it was convenient. This linguistic domination however was not always as exploitive and as vilified as it is today; because many of the ethnic groups living along trade centers and trade routes often spoke the languages of other ethnic groups already, because there was financial or commercial incentive to do so. This is the background of the region. Therefore, when it comes to the Emperor Menelik era, all historians have argued that it is more factual to say a predominantly Amharic language speaking community gradually conquered a predominantly Afan Oromo language speaking community in the 1800s. So this does not mean an Oromo ethnic group was conquered by an Amhara ethnic group. In fact, just like Amharas of the north were divided,Oromos were also divided and in conflict among themselves. The obvious evidence for this comes from the fact that the Amhara Emperor Menelik was imprisoned by other Amhara regional kings when he was younger. And when he was freed, Oromo clans were also in fierce battles amongst each other, so much so that the Tullama Oromo, Limmu and Macha Oromos created an alliance with the Shewan Amharas of Menelik, leading to the infamous battles of 1880s that led to this said alliance easily crushing the non-allied Oromos in various bloody wars. In short, Oromos as a one whole were never colonized by exclusively non-Oromos. In fact, the original founders of the OLF organization themselves never believed it so they did not emphasize the word "colonization" in the beginning. But in the mid-1970s, OLF leaders needed to mobilize Oromos against Emperor Haile Selassie (who was half Oromo himself) and to justify the call for "Oromia independence" from "colonial Ethiopia." Therefore OLF had to create a bad cop-good cop scenario for their convenience and simplified history for their people to create national resentment. This helped OLF to portray Oromos as suddenly being colonized by this foreign ethnic group (Amhara) that we (Oromos) have never came in contact with before.  This is common tactic used by national liberation movements around the world. The truth that most Ethiopians know is that Shewa based Oromos and Amharas (ethnically mixed Ethiopians) were the main creators of modern Ethiopia. In his book "Who are the Shoans," the historian and anthropologist, Dr. Gerry Salole once summarized that: "In terms of descent, the group that became politically dominant in Shewa (and subsequently in Ethiopia) was a mixture of Amhara and Oromo."   


In Conclusion, the above are 4 of the main issues that create confusion for foreign journalists who report on Oromo people and Oromo politics in Ethiopia.  While it is vital that al Jazeera and other media outlets cover the current suffering of Oromos and other Ethiopians, it is necessary to report responsibly. Otherwise, creating confusion and resentment between the younger Ethiopian population causes more problems than solutions. In reality, not just Oromos, but all Ethiopians have suffered under several governments and the only way they can achieve freedom and lasting democracy is when united, not when divided by tribes or not when being polarized by historical lies presented as truth.  It is important that foreign media outlets make corrections or report accurate information to avoid inflammatory statements that are destructive and counter productive against Oromos and all Ethiopian people' ongoing struggle for democracy, development and justice.



Feqadu Lamessa is a former Adama University professor and writer 

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Anonymous April 29, 2016 12:28 pm (Pacific time)

beker : is it an artist playing fictional play; I cannot believe there will be an idiot who wrote this for confusion.


Truth April 4, 2016 5:08 am (Pacific time)

you said ( Oromo migrations), what dose that mean? who has written that, from where that Oromo migrated, who was there in the current land of oromo?


atinaaf amin March 31, 2016 4:56 am (Pacific time)

this story is writed by Amhara or some one who support them even you written half truth the one you said oromo people's were killed by their army is abig false don't tired your self evey ethiopian knows well who is minlik & his critical & his work for superiority of Amhara you can't hide the truth from the world every body have to know minlik(menlik) is Africa's Hitlar


Bayu March 12, 2016 5:25 am (Pacific time)

Tanks prof. Fekadu Lemessa


anmaw tsegaye February 22, 2016 10:25 pm (Pacific time)

The current government of Ethiopia is responsible for all confusions,conflicts racism.Ethiopia is dividing in to even kebele lebel.


Duuguumaa December 28, 2015 3:49 pm (Pacific time)

Though reading from any one might help undrestand their point of view, this one is really missleading, but that is its purpose and warms the heart of many as one can see from the posts. It is not difficult to refute the point of view of this writer one by one. However, that is equivalent to legitimizing it and accept the distortion. Oromo's know who we are and need no help in relearning our place in the world and who we are and our oppressors and colonizers past and present. We just want to live in peace on the land we have been living since the begining of time, before all these colonizers arrived at our land.


WHAT A HISTORY! December 28, 2015 3:48 pm (Pacific time)

Though reading from any one might help undrestand their point of view, this one is really missleading, but that is its purpose and warms the heart of many as one can see from the posts. It is not difficult to refute the point of view of this writer one by one. However, that is equivalent to legitimizing it and accept the distortion. Oromo's know who we are and need no help in relearning our place in the world and who we are and our oppressors and colonizers past and present. We just want to live in peace on the land we have been living since the begining of time, before all these colonizers arrived at our land.


Oromo Oromia October 8, 2015 8:20 am (Pacific time)

Shame on You P, Fikadu, you are trying to convert facts to fictions which is not possible in 21st century. We are tired of Habesha`s propaganda to maintain their oppression on Oromo people. You can`t deny the colonization of Amhara, if you really understood the meaning of colonization very well.


Anonymous September 7, 2015 2:47 pm (Pacific time)

Thank you professor, I admire you for your contribution in digging out the truth about Oromo people!


Ethiopian OROMO April 12, 2014 3:37 pm (Pacific time)

God bless prof. Fekadu true Ethiopian oromo, many OLF(terorist) members were so obessed b/c you revealed the truth, we oromos will never believe the crap fiction story of OLF (long live for Ethiopia)


Dadi December 23, 2013 6:17 am (Pacific time)

I like such a man out of emotion seeing right and left; the back and the forth is great I proud of by true sons of Ethiopia. others be careful your emotion leads you to crazy! we know why the media is focused on segregation rather than unite, again they want dismantle us, they have tried in the past but not successful and neve and ever again, too. we know their ambition what Ethiopia looks like in the future. It will not happen us you think ( it is the bread of nightmare). Thank you Proff. Fekadu Lemessa!!!!!!!!


real oromo from oromia November 1, 2013 2:16 pm (Pacific time)

Hey, the so called proff Fikadu Lemessa, I appriciate the name you used. Lemessa ( oromo name) once considered to be shame to be named by, is chosen today by you for your fiction. What you wrote above is useless. Thank God you proved that you are not Oromo scholar, rather oromo hater, by saying 'oromo migration', which is well suited to amhara's myths for their wish to live in oromia, by continuing their oppression. It is also clear that you are not from the ruling party. All you wrote is amhara's hate myth's for Oromos. And I want to request salem news to tell us who this guy is, insulting oromo history and scholars by repeating motives of past colonizing regimes. Oromia forever.


Fitsum ayele August 13, 2013 1:50 am (Pacific time)

Keep tryin, coz our people specially Oromos were unfairly loaded by hate ideoligies as a result they dont easily accept such smooth words. As u hv said youngesters have been polarized by some psedo-historians limitted sight. Above all Unity Matters, unless we cant stop abt jumping here and there pointing some ignorant mistakes mede by..... Let's fight bieng one agains the current unfair treatment. Pls let's talk to eachother rather than talking about oneonother.


Anonymous August 3, 2013 12:46 pm (Pacific time)

Ethiopia a free country now but Haleslase or mengiustu time. Ethiopia was horrible and dangerous country to live. You could not go out alone during the day or at night. I do not understand that you are saying before better than now. I am a black man and I have my own language that I use, and proud of who I am. Now I am free man. The biggest problem in Ethiopia is relgion Muslims. They think they are just love God more than others and they do not want women to be free. You should not be stupid see all people are free now. We say what we want and what we think, it's life now. but not before.


Truth Prevails August 2, 2013 9:51 am (Pacific time)

Here are the true Oromian Professors. Where is your fake Professor now? http://ayyaantuu.com/horn-of-africa-news/oromia/oromo-first-community-engagement-world-tour/


shentema August 2, 2013 12:36 am (Pacific time)

Professor, you are absolutely right about the history of the Oromo. And how many such lies (over 5 Millions Oromo killed from 9 Millions of Ethiopian population), where deception is conscious and purposeful? - Why Oromo Liberation Front fool Oromo people?I do not want to hear about that's not true information.Where is fact and arguement?


Samy Biyya August 1, 2013 1:34 pm (Pacific time)

"However, the undisputed fact is that even the total Ethiopian population (the sum of dozens of ethnic groups) was much less than 5 million in the late 1800s, let alone one ethnic group being 10 million." said the writer "prof Feqadu" .But UN,world Bank and FAO estimated Ethiopian population as 11.8 million(approximately 12 million) during the same period. why do we need other Fabrication? How does it help in exposing fiction if "our fact "failed to meet the truth?


pinkfloyd August 1, 2013 11:28 am (Pacific time)

I wonder if the Bible explains some of this. In regards to two different entities living on this planet.


Menilik Gudina August 1, 2013 1:18 am (Pacific time)

If Oromos are still confused about their own history and description of facts, how do you expect other Ethiopians and the media such as Al Jazeera to know the whole truth? I think Oromo people need to sort out their own mess before asking other to clean their shit. Once you guys start reading the facts from the one page, we will follow you and read the same page. Prof. Fikadu Lamessa, your description of facts sounds good for me, but you are adding more confusion.


Booboo July 31, 2013 10:50 pm (Pacific time)

Afuuftuu waan dhaga'uu barbaaddu duwwaa dhageessa!


Dugaa Miti July 31, 2013 10:44 pm (Pacific time)

You Abasha ! It is my question that up to when you try to build the unity of Ethiopia on false and legend History. After all it is not acceptable by all non Semitic Ethiopians. We want to reconstruct true history and country by demolishing the false Abyssinian legend. Leis have no place in the modern world which need truth and evidence ! Any way WE SHALL WIN ! Don't doubt.


Haile M July 31, 2013 1:48 pm (Pacific time)

Prof. Feqadu Lamessa? Professor? Please put this guy in History 101 class. Actually he his neither historian nor professor of any sort. This is an Abyssinian Wolf in sheep's clothing! My modesty doesn't allow me to inject this Naïve with the curse he deserves. My fellow Oromo Nationals, let's show this Naive Habasha man and his cliques by not lowering ourselves to their status. They live to perpetuate intellectual arrogance! This is the trademark of Naive Abyssinia “Scholars”. Oromia shall thrive; Abyssinia will face slow death!!!


Anonymous July 31, 2013 7:35 am (Pacific time)

Thank You Mr. Fekadu, We really need badly such person. God Bless


Timbuktu July 31, 2013 7:14 am (Pacific time)

There will be no more Consensus on one language, one religion on flag rag, etc in the empire of Ethiopia. There is no taboo in demanding Oromo self rule when other nations in the so called developed world are also reconsidering their union with their neighbors ( Did you hear about Scotland's intention to go to polls to vote to separate or not from UK?


Daraaraa July 31, 2013 3:56 am (Pacific time)

I found this arthicle "the old wine in the new qalqallooo"


deriba guru July 31, 2013 2:52 am (Pacific time)

I don’t seem to have enough of reading this article. You really hit the mark with excellence. It was an exquisite presentation for which millions will thank you for it, I must say. This was a subject whom the liberal left either had ignored or shied away from analyzing it objectively. Some had made the effort but with twisted outcome. One can clearly see their inaction on the subject I believe was for a reason of opportunist political expediency. It was a sad thing to have happened. No fan of the left, but this was an attempt to indicate rather that the left was conspicuous by passing itself as self appointed authority on Ethiopian politics for the best part of the last five decades sadly with nothing to show for on the subject. The end result was the playing field was left open for few extremists to misinform and radicalize with their irrational and perverted way of looking at History and Liberty. Look at the bulk of the respondent’s personalized irrational diatribe, vitriolic insult at the writer. It seems all the extremists are here in force. It is true literally they may not number any more than those who responded to this factual master piece. They sure made a lot of noise to be heard and nothing plausible to be paid attention to. The flood of irrational response has been astonishing. Instead resorting to insult, out right denial of Historical facts wisdom says they should have taken deep breath and try to see the facts outlined in this commentary. If they don’t, one should hope one day “the truth just might set them free before it is too late”, as they say.


Daniel K. July 31, 2013 1:36 am (Pacific time)

Well done Prof.!! To me, your analysis is objective as you supported your statement with facts. Those who object to this should also state their "facts" instead of being emotional. At the end of the day, what will help the country is to be positive and come together to have a constructive dialogue among ourselves. Yours and Dr. F. Toloss's contribution towards this is commendable. God Bless you both!!


Tola July 31, 2013 12:57 am (Pacific time)

If this guy is truly someone from academia, he would of used some evidence to support his claim. He want to throw out the fiction stories/histories of Ahbasha about Oromo. It's too late sir, that time have pased, Oromo will tell the History.


Fraol July 31, 2013 12:00 am (Pacific time)

you dear and darling, how you know more than the oromo people know themselves, you have to identify the difference b/n Friction and Facts. Pro. FIkadu, know how to write statements but not facts. you dear some Habasha people don't try to hidden the facts, we know what you are going to write. and also don't you the name of oromo, what we need to keep all the people of nation being equal and self determination.even you have not known for why OLF struggling now, it is not to destroy you habesha people, rather to make direct involvement oromo self determination. Have you ever heard or seen how much oromo people are now days suffering? so, how you talk by representing oromo people?,,,,,,,,,please, quiet quiet, you are out of information....


luke July 30, 2013 11:16 pm (Pacific time)

With all due respect I find this article meant to incite conflict amongst Oromo people. I have certainly known Fekadu Lemessa PhD, a professor at Haromaya University and a patriot Oromo. No matter how hard the writer of this article tried, I find it beyond fiction and disrespecting for the vast oromo people. OROMO: United we stand, divided we fall.


ABI July 30, 2013 9:54 pm (Pacific time)

I AM OROMO AND I COULDN’T RESIST LAUGHING BY THIS ‘ARTICLE’. I LAUGHED BECAUSE I DON’T WANT TO CRY. IT IS VERY SADDENING TO KNOW STILL THERE ARE IGNORANT NEFTEGNAS OUT THERE WHO THINK THEY CAN STILL FOOL THE OROMO PEOPLE WITH THEIR OUTDATED TRICKS JUST LIKE THIS ONE. I THOUGHT WOYANE HAD DISMANTLED THOSE TIMID NEFTEGNAS, BUT THIS ‘ARTICLE’ REVEALED THERE ARE STILL SOME RUMINANTS IN DIASPORA. THE GOOD NEWS IS WE ARE AT DIFFERENT TIME AND DIFFERENT SITUATION. WE KNOW EACH OTHER VERY WELL. FOOL YOURSELF OR YOUR MOM WITH YOUR PROPAGANDA.


Shalom July 30, 2013 8:16 pm (Pacific time)

Some ignorant keep saying there is no one by name prof. Fekadu Lemessa. Please educate your self and Google 'Dr.' Instead of prof.


mathawi July 30, 2013 8:09 pm (Pacific time)

If we go back and start digging for hate, I can assure that Oromo warriors did a great damage and killing to other Ethiopian nations and nationalities, especially to People of South Ethiopia. So the solution is reconciliation and spreading love and peace!


Tariku July 30, 2013 6:55 pm (Pacific time)

There was not a nation called Oromiyaa in history. No historian can come up with a tangible evidence. All of you OLF supporters are in delusions and Amhara phobia. Like any other ethnic community in Ethiopia, Amharas suffered. May be even more. I really don't understand what you are afraid of . Get together and try to be represented fairly in a democratic and united Ethiopia. Majority Oromos within Ethiopia don't share idea of secessionism. If they believed in it and share OLF's idea, Oromiyaa would have been a country, but 45 years after you still talking about freeing Oromiyaa without controlling a single "kebele" or woreda. You will never succed in your evil ambitions. Your path very destructive and create hate amongst the Ethiopian people. Nobody is watching you while you are trying to dismantle what is Ethopia today.


Faantaastikoo July 30, 2013 6:46 pm (Pacific time)

Your facts are supported with proof. I've changed my perception of our history as Oromos and my relations to the other non Oromos. I've lived my youg life with hatered and prejudice against some of my fellow Ethiopians. We neen more brave Oromos like you, professor, to reeducate our true history to the brainwashed Oromo youth who are wallowing in the sea of hate and misguided falls preaching of history by the OLF and the likes creating delusion and identity crises. Thank you.


Chaltu July 30, 2013 4:33 pm (Pacific time)

finally an oromo brave enough to challenge OLF. good job professor! we oromos agree with you. i am worried for your safety professor because OLF is famous for assassinatng/killng oromos who challenge its ideologies. may God protect you.


Daniel , from addis July 30, 2013 4:04 pm (Pacific time)

You are going to chop me into pieces before "freeing Ofomiyaa". Trust me there are about 80 million of us for you to do so. So, go a head collect and sharpen your machete and sword. We will be waiting.


sam July 30, 2013 3:28 pm (Pacific time)

WOW i love it , the truth shall sent you free indeed!!! i hope the great Oromo/amhara/tigray/SSP/Solmaila people of ethiopian shall unshakle themselves from OLF/saperatest from false assemtion and History!!!


ethiopian July 30, 2013 3:21 pm (Pacific time)

News flush for thos angry embeciles war mongering individual, just because your life is misereble it doesn't mean you have to make others suffer. All this hate coming from your fucking life is so bad you trying to torch other by spreading hate to those peace loving ethiopian. Ethiopia is not Amara, tygryan, oromo, guraga, benshagul, ......... Ethiopia is Ethiopian of all nations. So my recomendation to those miserable endividual are shot up and let other do thier work. I feel sorry for people who eaten by hate inside and out, you are a tumor and cancer to socity


The truth will set you free! July 30, 2013 3:18 pm (Pacific time)

hahahaha...u talk talk talk.....as far as talking is concerned, any body can say any thing whether it is true or false. But, you write from the point of view of now where!! You deserve nothing in the history of Oromo as well as the so called "Ethiopia"!!! Who are u to write like this?? U nonsense!!! Idiot!! Stupid! Have no moral value! No base!! Just ass-whole!!


MakkoBillii July 30, 2013 2:03 pm (Pacific time)

This mad Abesha’s made my day, ohhhhhhh my God! To all Oromo readers:I can assure you that this is a fiction by a mad Abesha, as I used to work in the current Adama Sicence and Technology University and the former Adama University since 1999 G.C. I have never come across a single Oromo prof. named Fikadu Lamessa at that University. So, it is better to ignore believing this is a fiction by mad Abesha.


MakkoBillii July 30, 2013 1:57 pm (Pacific time)

This mad Abesha’s made my day, ohhhhhhh my God! To all Oromo readers:I can assure you that this is a fiction by a mad Abesha, as I used to work in the current Adama Sicence and Technology University and the former Adama University since 1999 G.C. I have never come across a single Oromo prof. named Fikadu Lamessa at that University. So, it is better to ignore believing this is a fiction by mad Abesha.Salem-news, I am doubting your ethics ofjournalism. Dear Oromo nationalists residing in USA I advise you to think of legaly sueing this website for publishing untraceable fiction by false name.


Daljir July 30, 2013 1:12 pm (Pacific time)

Obbo Faqadu Your fact #3 is utterly false and intended to mislead your readers mainly those from Semen Ethiopia as a Somali-Ethiopian let me say Somali first we never called Oromo’s as you put it “gal”. Actually when we say gal in Somali is to address the colonialist Europeans not Oromo’s. I can just imagine your next argument “Galana chogara biyatbut ay teram” is also from Somalis and Islam.


Ibrahim July 30, 2013 1:03 pm (Pacific time)

This is an excellent analysis that defies politically motivated lies some has done. Instead of insulting the writer, try to prove him wrong.


Anonymous July 30, 2013 12:57 pm (Pacific time)

Wow it is very interesting we need some thing which bring as together. thank you god bless you


alem July 30, 2013 11:00 am (Pacific time)

keep telling us with such an informative and interesting article.....thank you!!!!


Saarttu July 30, 2013 9:53 am (Pacific time)

I regret westing my time reading this sourceless crap. you Abysinians keep applauding such twisted facts what you fail to understand is you are applauding to your downfall. you either accept Oromo's truth or face the unthinkable be aware the sleeping giant has been awaken.


Anoole July 30, 2013 9:48 am (Pacific time)

Wrong history


Gurre July 30, 2013 9:27 am (Pacific time)

The so called Prof F. L and his idea is trash! You need to read what colony mean!!


Thetruthhurts.com July 30, 2013 8:22 am (Pacific time)

They tried to fabricate this article everyone knows you are lying!! Everything you spoke of here is a lie....because your facts are False and your so called fiction is TRUE!! Real evidence not fake evidence is available. Dispicable


sileshi July 30, 2013 7:23 am (Pacific time)

Frist your analysis is not good enough. I assure you that Oromo people did not migrate. You say " Oromo Migration". From where Oromo migrate? you didn't answer because you did logical fallacy. Oromo people indigenous people who settle in that area. Oromo people did not migrate but expand his territory. so I suggest you to correct from what you and other call Oromo migration to the truly one Oromo expansion.


Gada July 30, 2013 6:31 am (Pacific time)

The writer is fictional by him self. And she is not historian


Diriba July 30, 2013 6:17 am (Pacific time)

I am really very sorry that we cann't debate only on ideas. Instead most of us runninng fast to insult kind individuals who forwarded us their experiences, findings and so on. Here we get very analytical article. The article tries to persuade us with new or denied facts about our history and about the mess which created by the so colled politicians. If anybody has facts other than Prof. Feqadu's finding, let him offer us to stick us with the old miths. Thank you.


Anonymous July 30, 2013 6:06 am (Pacific time)

This is the fabrication of habash fekadu lemessa is the to give name previously they force one self to rename his name like Tolassa-Degariege, tommas chala,- Belete nowadays they are playing the reverse one .may be the person they called fekedu lemmessa may be fekadu dagin and like that. so now this and the like the work of habash itti yafufani yoo laga issaan ceesise ijoleen keenya jabadha jawar sijalana jabadhu jajabadhu!


chuchu from Ghinchi July 30, 2013 5:29 am (Pacific time)

papapa..........infinity comments! for some it is a reality but not for others. please do something for better than for worst! to me it adds nothing!


Oromia July 30, 2013 4:58 am (Pacific time)

Don't tell us our history, we already know it. Face the truth. Thanks to our brilliant writers! Go and read the story of Abba bahrey and aleqa taye, that is the only leverage you have.


Dedabit July 30, 2013 4:32 am (Pacific time)

Ayii ya habesha chinkelat bado Mahonun ayen in the past two decades.


Odda jigaa Ga July 30, 2013 4:26 am (Pacific time)

Good to know about the fictions of Abyssinians and their false history of 3000 years according to their calendars. This how far they are behind in this world as they continue to deceive the Oromo people. We are in 21st century people, stop being ignorant and no one will not accept the false history of Ethiopia. We have our own history written by the Oromo historian telling us who we are and where we came from. This bias need to end sooner or later or the price will be unpredictable. Let me leave with this saying. The difference between educated Amhara and uneducated Amhara is this, the educated one wears tuxedo, the uneducated one small boxer called qunxaa. Their brain is empty and think alike. Athens, Ga grad


Abdulkadir July 30, 2013 4:08 am (Pacific time)

Dear Oromo readers do not waste your time with an anti Oromo article. I am sure that this article is written by Nafxanya who some times says “Menelik II is Oromo,Heyleslese is oromo” shame on them. Nowadays many Habeshas learnt Afaan Oromo and clime that they are better Oromo than us.They are very good at fabricating things and cheating.Do not just trust everyone b/c they clime that they are prophet or angle.


Teddy T. July 30, 2013 3:49 am (Pacific time)

Good to know the truth! I don't care who writes this. We know the truth, and the truth will always set us free. God bless the writer.


deriba guru July 30, 2013 2:28 am (Pacific time)

Thank you for cutting through this ongoing lie. You really made a great attempt in setting the record straight in this brief. I hope you continue this marvelous work and hopefully one day write a book. You will be surprised how many will like to read it if you ever managed to produce one and I only hope you will. I know I will be among the first ones to get a copy. Small elements have chosen to take a narrow path of Extremist tendency. It is a combination of self loath and utter irresponsibility. Through distortions of facts and naked lies, they work hard to invent Historical fiction which is far off and different from what took place. Unless they are stopped in their tracks, they will bring a lot of damage. The only thing that can stop there irrational activity is the truth and when it is made available and put out there for everyone to see. My hope is you will continue to do so.


Anonymous July 30, 2013 12:07 am (Pacific time)

we learn from the past not we stick to it. if we stick to the past then we don't grow.


kiyya July 29, 2013 11:11 pm (Pacific time)

How many Eritreans are using Promo names to attack Prof. Feqadu.


Dawaa July 29, 2013 11:06 pm (Pacific time)

I assure you that there is no real name on earth named Prof. Fekadu Lemmessa. Do not take me wrong! My evidence is I searched this name: “Fekadu Lemmessa” via google, bing, yahoo etc. There is no matching name for it. If so, how he became a professor with out a single thesis or desertion paper. We are living in the era of technology. We can access, search and find whatever we want to find out. Habesha cannot use a fake name and write by the psedo-name. Truth prevail!!!


Dejene July 29, 2013 10:37 pm (Pacific time)

Drear writer, The fact vs fiction you wrote is simply you reversed each other. Because,Your facts are fictions! Denying the fact cannot bring love, tolerance, and unity. It is only Accepting the fact that will bring unity you and your Habasha masters crying for. The Oromo cause is a just. Whether the oppressor accept it or not the quest of oromo for freedom and democracy shall be prevail and free Oromia sooner. Your empty and false writing is your Oromo-phobic behavior so that the Oromo people will not waste its golden struggle time on your false fabrication.


Bekkumaa July 29, 2013 9:23 pm (Pacific time)

Prof. Feqadu. Thank you for your well articulated article. I wonder why some people just blindly attacking your facts. This shows how some people brain washed badly. I have an Oromo blood. I have gurage blood too. I am wondering why some OLF supporters try to wipe out a person like me. Even sometimes they try to call us as a mule. These people needs to come to eh sir sense and accept natural phenomena: we like it or not inter ethnic marriage will continue to exist. I don't like any name callings, but we need to understand that in Western countries blacks and whites have their own labeling. In Ethiopia, I don't know currently but few years ago in some parts of. Amhara regions if they call you garage which means thief. Even in Shewaa we use to liable (still) people from Gojjam as Buda or people with evil eyes. I can bring several examples. So, why you make it a big deal if some ignorant call me a name? First of all calling a name doesn't affect my personally or dignity. Secondly, if I want the person calling me a name I have the right to call him too.


Kulfo July 29, 2013 3:28 pm (Pacific time)

In order to give due credit for the posted article, it os good to know more about its author. As to me, I never read any article by this name. To those who know Prof Fekadu, please tell me his area of expertise (to give 101 lecture, I guess he has some sort of political science or history specialization). Also, please tell me his previous articles (as he stated on the end, he is a "writer"). Kulfo


Ethioromo July 29, 2013 1:18 pm (Pacific time)

This is reply to gamechu about muslim population.

Why do you attack professor feqadu lamessa without any proof?
The professor is correct about muslim percentage of oromo at 47% and christianity at 48%

The evidence is from official census located at
http://www.csa.gov.et/newcsaweb/images/documents/pdf_files/regional/Oromya1.pdf

Don't attack the messenger!


Fantallee July 29, 2013 12:50 pm (Pacific time)

Professor Feqadu Lammesa’s article tells us nothing new news. He is duplicating the faded faces of previous stories, Oromo-phobia, the justification of Oromo’s subjugation by Minilk II. Ethiopianists, like this professor, are condemning not only Oromo struggle but also the formation and values of ethnicity, clan or tribe, ignoring African historical realities in which the Oromos are included. A mule has no ethnicity, a clan or a tribe. That is why she is suffering from narrating her true self-creation. When she is asked, she runs to name her biological mother only, hiding her biological father. She knows how that she is not a complete creature, incapable of producing her own offspring. Similar to the mule’s story, Ethiopianists are also confined to their “Emmiyee Ethiopia’s” telling story, hiding or being ignorant of “Abbiyyee Ethiopia. Since the Ethiopianists claim “Emmiyyee” as their only identity, they lacked the foundation of ethnicity. Ethnicity manifests itself in dual structure, not in mono-structure. They should know that, it is the union of “Emmiyee and Abbiyyee” which can develop to ethnicity and gradually culminated to a nation or national state. Why Ethiopia is so far not able to form a national state is that, because she lacked one of the basic dual structures necessary for the formation of a nation. Oromo, as an ethnicity, is the union of a complete dual structure. It is the union of “Aayyoo (a mother) and Aabboo (a father) who gave rise to a complete nationhood. Unlike the Ethiopianists, both the Aayyoo and Aabboo Oromo structures are well learned and well known by every Oromo person, she or she. In course of their history, these Oromos have successfully formed a Democratic Gadaa National State indigenous to Africans, non- conciliatory to the authoritarian warlords of Abyssinians (Ethiopians) who ruled fragmented regional provinces. Here is the basic contradiction between of Oromummaa and Ethiopiawinnet. What currently is ruling Oromia is a coercive Ethiopian Empire based on the “Emiyyee” mono-structure, which is swiftly crumbling down because of historical reasons. No one is to blame for her crumbling except her mono-structure and the die-hard Ethiopianists who want to sustain it. The Professor better call himself “Prof. Balleessaa” since his contribution can hasten the demise of the evil Empire which benefits Oromo people’s struggle for liberation. Thanks the Professor!


Saxil-Baas July 29, 2013 12:48 pm (Pacific time)

Be careful Oromians do not waste your time and energy to read such stories from Abyssinians!!!!!!!!!! The truth is never hidden by Professorship or by ethnic origin.So the educational professorship and the name Lamessaa can not hide the truth about the operation by Abyssinian s against the Oromo People.What was and is going on against the oromo people by Abyssinian is a living fact. This story the next plan by Abyssinian to divide the Oromos but it is out of date, it does not work any more against oromo unity. Whatever, Abyssinian s and their servants write against the question of the oromo people it does not have any impact anymore. The question of Oromo people is already on air. The strong hold by Abyssinian dabtera digimit was broken forever. So whoever wrote this story it does not stop the fast moving political change in Oromiyaa. I will advise Abyssinian writers to define each word properly before they use them. I wonder why someone with professor tile can not differentiate between nation and ethnicity. Oromo is not an ethnic, Oromo is a nation. Oromiyaa Shall be Free Soon!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!


Tola Biyya July 29, 2013 12:23 pm (Pacific time)

This is the old tactics of Habasha. Foxes come in sheepskin. Only using an Oromo name doesn't make you an Oromo.This writer must be either a sellout Oromo like the OPDOs who are showing the Tigray Leberation Front forces to imprison or kill Oromos.Yes, Gobana Dace was a sellout Oromo who cooperated in killing Oromos in late 20th C as are OPDOs doing today.This collection of the called so called "fiction and facts" are totally the reverse of what the writer dumped it here. It's the same as what Aba Dula Gemada the late president of OPDO wrote as "The struggle of the Oromo People, from where to where?" While this writer struggles to rebute the writters who revived the Oromo hisory and litrature with collection of false stories told to suite the Abyssinian occupiers,he did not realize that he is using his stories he named as 'facts' are dumped by the Oromo populace as garbage and only run in the books written by pro enemies of the Oromo.No attempt can reverse the momentum of the Oromo to get independent from the occupiers. No false story should disinform foreign journalists or foreigners interested in Oromos and Oromia at this time when there are a lot of first account information avaluable on Oromo matters. The Habashas should stop trying to disinform about the Oromo after all. Oromo is telling its own real story and writing its own history. No one better knows about you than you yourself do.


Limmu July 29, 2013 11:15 am (Pacific time)

I found it very hard to find an Oromo who accepts and defends such a degrading and dragatory insult against his humanity and who does not underst the ethnic slur the word “Gala” represenrs. Mr. Feqadu, if actually an Oromo, must be a fake one. No wanders, there are some soldout warms like him.


Tullu July 29, 2013 9:10 am (Pacific time)

What you, the agent of habesh, write is correct and what welknown Professor of Oromo, Asefa jaleta writes is wrong! Shame on you,galtuu! Duris galtu akka teetii kan habesharra dhalatte ykn kan nadheen habesha fudhetu uumata keenya gurgure! May be you are a descendants of Gobena Dacee! No one cares for the source and its original meaning of the word "Galla" but every Oromo except galtu like you doesn't like to be called by this name and call himself; you can read the book by Yilma Deressa one of H/Silase's minster; he mentioned the word as it were used by Amharas not but Oromos didn't call themselves by this name(see if you ready to read books by Oromos, the good thing is it was written by your language, Amaharic). Be it white or black, my brother or others, Amhara or Tigre if they are denying my freedom they are colonizers. Do you know what Amharas are calling Tigres now? For your surprise they call TPLF colonizers, shame on you the so called Prof. Fikadu, you are reading the book written by your old masters, pls try to update yourself. By the way who told you about the information on AJ, may be your habesha friends to attack Oromos by Oromos? What you forget is you are doing what you are telling about the wrong deed by oromos on Oromos to be an agent of neftagnas.We Oromos love OLF than any organization on this planet and believe me we are a majority!


Berhe July 29, 2013 7:56 am (Pacific time)

To my Tigrean writer of this article, It is just a shame for you to go an extra mile to find an Oromo name and use it to "saboatge" the Oromo people's struggle for the their God-given right for self determination. I might even know you for sure, but I will not go into that for a while. Let me teach you something. The Tigreans are running up and down knowing very well that they have exausted their cards. The easiest and simple thing they could have done is to allow the Ethiopian people free and fair elections so that the people can make up their mind whom to support or not. We know that the Tigreans will rally behind TPLF. I am not one of those people who run for poltical correctness. The fact of the matter is the Tigreans support the TPLF because it has benefited them so much that today Mekelle is seen as one of a small town in Europe. That is what is called favoratism at its climax. Mekelle was just a small town in Ethiopia about 20 years ago. While it may be too hard to conclude the same would happen for cities in Oromia if OLF had the position that the TPLF is enjoying, it would be inconceivable to find Oromia cities at the present state of under development under the Tigrean government administration. OLF could not have been as exclusionary as TPLF. The trouble with minority governments that have gotten to power through the barrel of the gun is their sleepless nights fearing the shadows of these huge ethnic groups knowing very well that they are occupying a power that they are not supposed to. Your constant effort to divide and rule is coming to an end. We do not know how it ends. But one thing is certain. The Oromo people are going to make their own decisions. We do not need your make-believe stories on your web sites. I assure you here that our eye is not targeting Tigray. We will assure you that you make your own decision. That is the safest way that we could exist together. As a TPLF government the best thing you could do for Tigreans is to leave the rest of the Ethiopian people in peace. Release our poltical prisoners, leave our ill-gotten land and sit down how to transfer power to elected officials in Oromia. No machination is going to save you.


Zizi July 29, 2013 7:54 am (Pacific time)

What an interesting information. It's a pity that the multitude doesn't know this history. I appreciate your work Prof. God Bless You.


Anonymous July 29, 2013 1:02 am (Pacific time)

Prof. Feqadu There is one thing that troubles me the most. Oromo language is classified as ‘Cushitic’ by the late 19th century anthropologies. The use of Cush to describe one language group is ill informed, the same as the anthropologist make mistake by the use of the word Aryan that caused so much trouble in Europe. To my knowledge the use of the term ‘Cush’ biblically is informed by the Cush civilization in what was Southern Egypt and Northern Sudan. The people call themselves Nubian, Meroe etc. Now because anthropologies used the term to describe some language groups in Ethiopia, Oromo writers claim the history of Cushitic people as the history of Oromo; 1. Is there any evidence the Oromo people have Cush identity in the past, well before the Christian Oromo preachers in Welega start to link the terminology chosen for language classification with the biblical history? 2. If OLF chooses to plagiaries Cush identity, wouldn’t that be self-hatred, or at least to destroy one’s true identity with another one that can easily appeal to the western societies? wouldn’t that also be contempt to people, believing they can be fooled by simple association of language classification with race?


Fekdelegn Geta July 29, 2013 1:02 am (Pacific time)

Thank you prof for this reliable information. All these problems will be solved through dialogue and love. God bless Ethiopia, Oromo, Amhara, Sidama, Tigray, Somali etc...


gamechu July 29, 2013 12:58 am (Pacific time)

I see ur trying to analaziy oromo religous but no one force us to became muslim as orthodocis they just embrassed islam by them self cuase its based on truth and 85% of oromo are muslim I don't know where do u get this information about 47% oromo were muslim.


Kiflu Hussain July 28, 2013 11:05 pm (Pacific time)

"This is common tactic used by national liberation movements around the world. The truth that most Ethiopians know is that Shewa based Oromos and Amharas (ethnically mixed Ethiopians) were the main creators of modern Ethiopia."

I am glad that another Ethiopian started to appear on Salem-News.com and expose the falsehoods being propagated by gun touting and machete wielding narrow-minded ethnic liberators out of whom some succeeded to divide Ethiopia into two and occupy palaces in Addis Ababa and Asmara. Are we Ethiopians going to let that happen for the second time and see our country be further divided up and weakened by tribal power mongers? I don't think so, not when more and more courageous voices like Feqadu Lamessa start speaking up and get involved actively.

Yes!


Abdata July 28, 2013 8:47 pm (Pacific time)

Really disappointing. First of all, the seccessionist movement in Oromia is one of the most widely supported and so sidelining it as just for a few radicals in the diaspora is very misinforming. About the genocide of 5 million Oromos, I too am not sure of that. But there are many sources stating that half the Oromo population was wiped out. Two of the most cited being Alexander K. Bulatovish and Martial de Salviac. I really doubt cutting off breasts and arms is part of a normal battle. And it's hilarious how you mercilessly attack Asafa Jalata in your article, he's not the only one who's used these sources. Secondly, while it may be true that Habeshas (Amharas and Tigrays) did not create the label of Galla, they have been the ones using it as a dergatory term despite the fact that Oromos do not wish to be called so. Thirdly, and most importantly. Menelik did indeed colonize the Oromos. It's mind boggling how you would deny that. The Oromos were independent before his conquests, but they were taken over and forced to become tenants of their own lands. This article is called; History 101: Fiction and Facts on Oromos of Ethiopia. It should rather be called; History According to Habeshas: Fictional Facts to Take Away the Guilt of Habeshas Over the Inhumane Treatment of Oromos. Seriously, could you at least try and not be biased?

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